LaTeX Equations

Table of Contents

• Multiline Parentheses/Brackets
• Parentheses that fit the line height
• Labeling Equations
• Bold Font in Math Mode
• Blackboard Bold Typeface
• Large bracket

Multiline Parentheses/Brackets

\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{align}
    V^*_i = X_i \beta_i &+ \varepsilon_{1, i}, Victim_i = 1(V^*_i > 0) \\
    O^*_i = X_i \beta_i &+ \varepsilon_{2, i}, Offender_i = 1(O^*_i > 0) \\
    \begin{pmatrix}
        \varepsilon_1 \\
        \varepsilon_2
    \end{pmatrix} &\sim N \begin{bmatrix} \begin{pmatrix}
        0 \\
        0
    \end{pmatrix}, \begin{pmatrix}
        1 & \rho \\
        \rho & 1
    \end{pmatrix} \end{bmatrix}
\end{align}

Output is below:

Parentheses that fit the line height

Replace “(“ with “\left(“ and “)” with “\right)”

\begin{align}
    (L-\alpha)x &= (x+\frac{L-\alpha}{B+D}x)^2 \\
    (L-\alpha)x &= x^2\left(\frac{B+D+L-\alpha}{B+D}\right)^2
\end{align}

Labeling Equations

The format for creating LaTeX equations is usually \begin{equation}\end{equation}. In order to label the equation, the common method is to write \label{eq:1} and then later refer to it as ref{eq:1}. See code below for an example:

Second derivative is:
\begin{align}
\frac{\partial ^2 A(a)}{\partial a^2} &= p_{aa} \delta F + p_a \delta F_a + p_a F_a + p F_{aa} + L_{aa} - p_{aa} L - p_a L_a - p_a L_a - p L_{aa} \\
&= p_{aa}(\delta F - L) + (1 + \delta)p_a F_a + p F_{aa} + (1 - p)L_{aa} - 2 p_a L_a \label{eq:1}
\end{align}

The label is not visible in text:

Reference to this equation would be:

Based on discussions after Equation \ref{eq:1}, $a_{\delta} < 0$.

The text will display as:

Bold Font in Math Mode

The \mathbf command can only be used for non-italic math content, but the \bm command from the package bm provides a good alternative. It also helps with applying bold font to Greek letters. \boldsymbol{\beta} gives us \(\boldsymbol{\beta}\). See details here.

Blackboard Bold Typeface

\usepackage{amsfonts}
\newcommand{\e}[1]{{\mathbb E} \left[ #1 \right]} % hollow E for expected value. ex. \e{something}

Large bracket

begin{cases}
\\
end{cases}